#61.
Mr. Rodriguez is admitted with severe pain in the knees. Which form of arthritis is characterized by urate deposits and joint pain, usually in the feet and legs, and occurs primarily in men over age 30?
A
Septic arthritis
B
Traumatic arthritis
C
Gouty arthritis
D
Intermittent arthritis
Answer: Gouty arthritis
#62.
A heparin infusion at 1,500 unit/hour is ordered for a 64-year-old client with stroke in evolution. The infusion contains 25,000 units of heparin in 500 ml of saline solution. How many milliliters per hour should be given?
A
15 ml/hour
B
30 ml/hour
C
45 ml/hour
D
50 ml/hour
Answer: 30 ml/hour
#63.
A 76-year-old male client had a thromboembolic right stroke; his left arm is swollen. Which of the following conditions may cause swelling after a stroke?
A
Hypoalbuminemia due to protein escaping from an inflamed glomerulus
B
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) due to immobility of the ipsilateral side
C
Elbow contracture secondary to spasticity
D
Loss of muscle contraction decreasing venous return
Answer: Loss of muscle contraction decreasing venous return
#64.
Heberden’s nodes are a common sign of osteoarthritis. Which of the following statement is correct about this deformity?
A
It appears on the dorsolateral aspect of the interphalangeal joint.
B
It appears only in men
C
It appears on the proximal interphalangeal joint
D
t appears on the distal interphalangeal joint
Answer: t appears on the distal interphalangeal joint
#65.
Which of the following statements explains the main difference between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis?
A
Osteoarthritis is a systemic disease, rheumatoid arthritis is localized
B
Osteoarthritis is a localized disease rheumatoid arthritis is systemic
C
Osteoarthritis is gender-specific, rheumatoid arthritis isn’t
D
Osteoarthritis has dislocations and subluxations, rheumatoid arthritis doesn’t
Answer: Osteoarthritis is a localized disease rheumatoid arthritis is systemic
#66.
Mrs. Cruz uses a cane for assistance in walking. Which of the following statements is true about a cane or other assistive devices?
A
A walker is a better choice than a cane.
B
The cane should be used on the unaffected side
C
The cane should be used on the affected side
D
A client with osteoarthritis should be encouraged to ambulate without the cane
Answer: The cane should be used on the unaffected side
#67.
A male client with type 1 diabetes is scheduled to receive 30 U of 70/30 insulin. There is no 70/30 insulin available. As a substitution, the nurse may give the client ____________.
A
20 U regular insulin and 10 U NPH.
B
10 U regular insulin and 20 U NPH.
C
9 U regular insulin and 21 U neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH)
D
21 U regular insulin and 9 U NPH.
Answer: 9 U regular insulin and 21 U neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH)
#68.
Nurse Len should expect to administer which medication to a client with gout?
A
furosemide (Lasix)
B
aspirin
C
calcium gluconate (Kalcinate)
D
colchicines
Answer: colchicines
#69.
Mr. Domingo with a history of hypertension is diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism. This diagnosis indicates that the client’s hypertension is caused by excessive hormone secretion from which of the following glands?
A
Adrenal cortex
B
Pancreas
C
Adrenal medulla
D
Parathyroid
Answer: Adrenal cortex
#70.
For a diabetic male client with a foot ulcer, the doctor orders bed rest, a wetto- dry dressing change every shift, and blood glucose monitoring before meals and bedtime. Why are wet-to-dry dressings used for this client?
A
They contain exudate and provide a moist wound environment.
B
They protect the wound from mechanical trauma and promote healing.
C
They prevent the entrance of microorganisms and minimize wound discomfort.
D
They debride the wound and promote healing by secondary intention.
Answer: They debride the wound and promote healing by secondary intention.
#71.
Nurse Zeny is caring for a client in acute addisonian crisis. Which laboratory data would the nurse expect to find?
A
Hyperkalemia
B
Reduced blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
C
Hyperglycemia
D
Hypernatremia
Answer: Hyperkalemia
#72.
A client is admitted for treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which nursing intervention is appropriate?
A
Encouraging increased oral intake
B
Infusing I.V. fluids rapidly as ordered
C
Administering glucose-containing I.V. fluids as ordered
D
Restricting fluids
Answer: Restricting fluids
#73.
A female client tells nurse Nikki that she has been working hard for the last 3 months to control her type 2 diabetes mellitus with diet and exercise. To determine the effectiveness of the client’s efforts, the nurse should check ____________________.
A
fasting blood glucose level.
B
urine glucose level.
C
glycosylated hemoglobin level.
D
serum fructosamine level.
Answer: glycosylated hemoglobin level.
#74.
Nurse Trinity administered neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin to a diabetic client at 7 a.m. At what time would the nurse expect the client to be most at risk for a hypoglycemic reaction?
A
10:00 am
B
4:00 pm
C
Noon
D
10:00 pm
Answer: 4:00 pm
#75.
The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing which substances?
A
Mineralocorticoids and catecholamines
B
Norepinephrine and epinephrine
C
Glucocorticoids and androgens
D
Catecholamines and epinephrine
Answer: Glucocorticoids and androgens
#76.
On the third day after a partial thyroidectomy, Proserfina exhibits muscle twitching and hyperirritability of the nervous system. When questioned, the client reports numbness and tingling of the mouth and fingertips. Suspecting a lifethreatening electrolyte disturbance, the nurse notifies the surgeon immediately. Which electrolyte disturbance most commonly follows thyroid surgery?
A
Hypermagnesemia
B
Hypocalcemia
C
Hyponatremia
D
Hyperkalemia
Answer: Hypocalcemia
#77.
Which laboratory test value is elevated in clients who smoke and can’t be used as a general indicator of cancer?
A
Acid phosphatase level
B
Serum calcitonin level
C
Carcinoembryonic antigen level
D
Alkaline phosphatase level
Answer: Carcinoembryonic antigen level
#78.
Francis with anemia has been admitted to the medical-surgical unit. Which assessment findings are characteristic of iron-deficiency anemia?
A
Itching, rash, and jaundice
B
Nights sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea
C
Dyspnea, tachycardia, and pallor
D
Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia
Answer: Dyspnea, tachycardia, and pallor
#79.
In teaching a female client who is HIV-positive about pregnancy, the nurse would know more teaching is necessary when the client says _________________.
A
I’ll need to have a C-section if I become pregnant and have a baby
B
Not everyone who has the virus gives birth to a baby who has the virus
C
The baby can get the virus from my placenta
D
I’m planning on starting on birth control pills
Answer: I’ll need to have a C-section if I become pregnant and have a baby
#80.
When preparing Judy with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for discharge to the home, the nurse should be sure to include which instruction?
A
Sterilize all plates and utensils in boiling water
B
Put on disposable gloves before bathing.
C
Avoid sharing such articles as toothbrushes and razors.
D
Avoid eating foods from serving dishes shared by other family members
Answer: Avoid sharing such articles as toothbrushes and razors.
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