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General Exams (Nursing Physiologyb) – Page 4

#61. Which of the following groups of symptoms indicates a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm?
A Severe lower back pain, decreased blood pressure, decreased RBC count, decreased RBC count, decreased WBC count.
B Lower back pain, increased blood pressure, decreased re blood cell (RBC) count, increased white blood (WBC) count.
C Intermitted lower back pain, decreased blood pressure, decreased RBC count, increased WBC count.
D Severe lower back pain, decreased blood pressure, decreased RBC count, increased WBC count.
Answer: Severe lower back pain, decreased blood pressure, decreased RBC count, increased WBC count.
#62. After undergoing a cardiac catheterization, Tracy has a large puddle of blood under his buttocks. Which of the following steps should the nurse take first?
A Ask the client to “lift up”
B Obtain vital signs
C Apply gloves and assess the groin site
D Call for help.
Answer: Apply gloves and assess the groin site
#63. Which of the following treatment is a suitable surgical intervention for a client with unstable angina?
A Echocardiogram
B Cardiac catheterization
C Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
D Nitroglycerin
Answer: Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
#64. The nurse is aware that the following terms used to describe reduced cardiac output and perfusion impairment due to ineffective pumping of the heart is ________.
A Myocardial infarction (MI)
B Anaphylactic shock
C Cardiogenic shock
D Distributive shock
Answer: Cardiogenic shock
#65. A client with hypertension ask the nurse which factors can cause blood pressure to drop to normal levels?
A Kidneys’ retention of sodium and excretion of water
B Kidneys’ retention of sodium and water
C Kidneys’ excretion to sodium only.
D Kidneys’ excretion of sodium and water
Answer: Kidneys’ excretion of sodium and water
#66. Nurse Rose is aware that the statement that best explains why furosemide (Lasix) is administered to treat hypertension is ________.
A It decreases sympathetic cardioacceleration.
B It dilates peripheral blood vessels.
C It inhibits reabsorption of sodium and water in the loop of Henle.
D It inhibits the angiotensin-coverting enzymes
Answer: It inhibits reabsorption of sodium and water in the loop of Henle.
#67. Nurse Nikki knows that laboratory results supports the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is _____________.
A Elavated serum complement level
B Pancytopenia, elevated antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer
C Leukocysis, elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels
D Thrombocytosis, elevated sedimentation rate
Answer: Leukocysis, elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels
#68. Arnold, a 19-year-old client with a mild concussion is discharged from the emergency department. Before discharge, he complains of a headache. When offered acetaminophen, his mother tells the nurse the headache is severe and she would like her son to have something stronger. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
A Aspirin is avoided because of the danger of Reye’s syndrome in children or young adults
B Your son had a mild concussion, acetaminophen is strong enough
C trStronger medications may lead to vomiting, which increases the intracarnial pressure (ICP)
D Narcotics are avoided after a head injury because they may hide a worsening condition.
Answer: Narcotics are avoided after a head injury because they may hide a worsening condition.
#69. When evaluating an arterial blood gas from a male client with a subdural hematoma, the nurse notes the Paco2 is 30 mm Hg. Which of the following responses best describes the result?
A Normal
B Appropriate; lowering carbon dioxide (CO2) reduces intracranial pressure (ICP)
C Emergent; the client is poorly oxygenated
D Significant; the client has alveolar hypoventilation
Answer: Appropriate; lowering carbon dioxide (CO2) reduces intracranial pressure (ICP)
#70. When prioritizing care, which of the following clients should the nurse Olivia assess first?
A A 50-year-old client with diverticulitis
B A 17-year-old clients 24-hours postappendectomy
C A 50-year-old client 3 days postmyocardial infarction
D A 33-year-old client with a recent diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome
Answer: A 33-year-old client with a recent diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome
#71. JP has been diagnosed with gout and wants to know why colchicine is used in the treatment of gout. Which of the following actions of colchicines explains why it’s effective for gout?
A Decreases bone demineralization
B Decreases infection
C Replaces estrogen
D Decreases inflammation
Answer: Decreases inflammation
#72. Norma asks for information about osteoarthritis. Which of the following statements about osteoarthritis is correct?
A Osteoarthritis afflicts people over 60
B Osteoarthritis is a rare form of arthritis
C Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis
D Osteoarthritis is rarely debilitating
Answer: Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis
#73. Ruby is receiving thyroid replacement therapy develops the flu and forgets to take her thyroid replacement medicine. The nurse understands that skipping this medication will put the client at risk for developing which of the following lifethreatening complications?
A Exophthalmos
B Myxedema coma
C Thyroid storm
D Tibial myxedema
Answer: Myxedema coma
#74. Nurse Sugar is assessing a client with Cushing’s syndrome. Which observation should the nurse report to the physician immediately?
A Frequent urination
B Pitting edema of the legs
C An irregular apical pulse
D Dry mucous membranes
Answer: An irregular apical pulse
#75. Cyrill with severe head trauma sustained in a car accident is admitted to the intensive care unit. Thirty-six hours later, the client’s urine output suddenly rises above 200 ml/hour, leading the nurse to suspect diabetes insipidus. Which laboratory findings support the nurse’s suspicion of diabetes insipidus?
A Below-normal urine and serum osmolality levels
B Above-normal urine and serum osmolality levels
C Below-normal urine osmolality level, above-normal serum osmolality level
D Above-normal urine osmolality level, below-normal serum osmolality level
Answer: Below-normal urine osmolality level, above-normal serum osmolality level
#76. Jomari is diagnosed with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) is stabilized and prepared for discharge. When preparing the client for discharge and home management, which of the following statements indicates that the client understands her condition and how to control it?
A I will have to monitor my blood glucose level closely and notify the physician if it’s constantly elevated
B If I begin to feel especially hungry and thirsty, I’ll eat a snack high in carbohydrates
C I can avoid getting sick by not becoming dehydrated and by paying attention to my need to urinate, drink, or eat more than usual.
D If I experience trembling, weakness, and headache, I should drink a glass of soda that contains sugar
Answer: I can avoid getting sick by not becoming dehydrated and by paying attention to my need to urinate, drink, or eat more than usual.
#77. A 66-year-old client has been complaining of sleeping more, increased urination, anorexia, weakness, irritability, depression, and bone pain that interferes with her going outdoors. Based on these assessment findings, the nurse would suspect which of the following disorders?
A Diabetes insipidus
B Diabetes mellitus
C Hyperparathyroidism
D Hypoparathyroidism
Answer: Hyperparathyroidism
#78. Nurse Lourdes is teaching a client recovering from addisonian crisis about the need to take fludrocortisone acetate and hydrocortisone at home. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?
A I’ll take all of my hydrocortisone in the morning, right after I wake up.
B I’ll take my hydrocortisone in the late afternoon, before dinner
C I’ll take two-thirds of the dose when I wake up and one-third in the late afternoon
D I’ll take the entire dose at bedtime
Answer: I’ll take two-thirds of the dose when I wake up and one-third in the late afternoon
#79. Which of the following laboratory test results would suggest to the nurse Len that a client has a corticotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma?
A High corticotropin and low cortisol levels
B High corticotropin and high cortisol levels
C Low corticotropin and high cortisol levels
D Low corticotropin and low cortisol levels
Answer: High corticotropin and high cortisol levels
#80. A male client is scheduled for a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy to remove a pituitary tumor. Preoperatively, the nurse should assess for potential complications by doing which of the following?
A Testing for ketones in the urine
B Testing urine specific gravity
C Performing capillary glucose testing every 4 hours
D Checking temperature every 4 hours
Answer: Performing capillary glucose testing every 4 hours
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